Which finding should be reported as abnormal during an abdominal assessment?

The presence of shifting dullness in the abdomen is an important clinical finding, especially when assessing for conditions such as ascites, which is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Shifting dullness is noted when the patient is in a supine position and the clinician percusses the abdomen; dullness that shifts indicates fluid presence that varies with position. This finding is abnormal if fluid is present and should be documented and reported for further evaluation, as it could signal a serious underlying condition.

In contrast, dullness over the liver is a normal finding since the liver is a solid organ, and its presence in this area is expected. Bowel sounds every 10 seconds also represent normal physiological activity in the gastrointestinal tract, indicating that peristalsis is occurring at a regular rate. Vascular sounds over the renal arteries may indicate the presence of blood flow but can be normal in certain contexts, especially if there is no associated bruit or abnormal findings. Thus, shifting dullness is the key indicator of a potential pathology in the abdominal assessment.