What does phrenic nerve involvement primarily affect in a client?

The phrenic nerve is crucial for the control of breathing because it innervates the diaphragm, the primary muscle involved in respiration. When the phrenic nerve is functioning normally, it sends signals from the brain to the diaphragm, prompting it to contract and expand during inhalation and exhalation. If there is involvement or impairment of the phrenic nerve, the diaphragm may not function properly, leading to significant difficulties in the breathing pattern.

Involvement of the phrenic nerve may result in conditions such as diaphragmatic paralysis or respiratory distress, as the ability to effectively inhale and exhale air is compromised. This can manifest as shortness of breath or an inadequate volume of air being moved in and out of the lungs, thus directly impacting a client’s respiratory status.

The other options focus on body systems that are influenced by different nerves and pathways. For instance, while urinary elimination and muscle movement can be affected by other nerves, they are not primarily influenced by the phrenic nerve. Cardiovascular function is also independently managed by different sets of nerves and has its own regulatory mechanisms. Therefore, phrenic nerve involvement is specifically related to breathing patterns and respiratory function.